Dear Hon'ble Prime Minister,
We, the undersigned women’s organizations and other concerned groups, convey
our greetings on the occasion of 8th March, Women’s Day. This day has been
celebrated for more than a hundred years to commemorate the women’s movement’s
struggles for equality, justice and peace across almost all countries of the
world.
On this memorable occasion, we are aware that you and your
colleagues will be making speeches and statements to indicate how much this
nation values the contribution of its women to the country’s progress. We
expect that many will praise women as mothers, caring family members and hard
workers; we hope some will acknowledge the diverse struggles of women
everywhere in securing freedom from violence and ensuring peace.
We appreciate your earlier efforts to promote the value of
daughters and encourage education for the girl child. We therefore look forward
to more announcements from you this year that will indicate just how much this
nation, and your government, shows appreciation for the women of this country.
We would especially like to draw your attention to women’s work that produces
food, goods, services, and care for the household as well as children who will
be the future workforce of India; yet women’s care work continues to remain
invisible, unsupported and unshared. You must have noticed how everywhere women
work simultaneously in fields, forests, water bodies, and at home; providing
water, fuel, fodder, cooking, cleaning, caring of children, sick, elderly, yet
they are often unpaid and sometimes get much lesser wages than men on farms,
work sites, factories, and markets. In fact unpaid care and household work by
women, even though it is ten times as much as men, remains unrecognized and
unaccounted for in the System of National Accounts (SNA).
The McKinsey report (The Power of Parity, 2015) points out
how the gender gap in employment is exacerbated by unfair conditions for
working women who become pregnant. In India 95% women workers are in the
informal and unorganized sector and do not receive any wage compensation during
pregnancy and after childbirth, although we expect them to rest, gain weight,
improve their own health and then provide the baby with exclusive breastfeeding
for six months. The Economic Survey of India 2016 (Ministry of Finance,
Government of India) points out that ‘42.2% Indian women begin pregnancy too
thin and do not gain enough weight during pregnancy’ and recommends that ‘some
of the highest economic returns to public investment in human capital in India
lie in maternal and early life health and nutrition interventions.’
Sir, on the occasion of Women’s Day we would earnestly
request you to announce some substantial entitlements for women that would show
very tangibly how much this country values women’s contribution to society and
their families: as workers, as mothers and as valuable members of communities.
I. At the very least, we expect your leadership in
immediate implementation of the National Food Security Act 2013, within which:
a. The Central Scheme for Maternity
Entitlements should immediately be up-scaled from its pilot phase into at least
200 high-priority districts especially including those with a larger proportion
of tribal (ST) population. The universal guarantee of at least Rs. 6000/- is
only to be read as a beginning, and it should subsequently be rationalised as
wage compensation.
b. Maternity entitlements in all sectors must
be universal and unconditional, and not linked to the number of children or age
of the woman, as that is fundamentally discriminatory to both women and
children.
c. Supplementary nutrition through locally
prepared foods – preferably hot cooked meals to be supplied to all pregnant and
lactating women at the local Angawadi centre. The money invested for such a
meal is highly inadequate currently under the ICDS program, leading to poor
quality and quantity of the supplementary nutrition,
d. The public distribution system must provide
universal access to 10 kgs of cereals, I kg of pulses and 1 kg of oil rations
under the NFSA.
II. We also hope within a short time to see:
a. The progressive realization of nine months
of maternity leave (three months before childbirth to six months after) with
full compensation of wages for all women, calculated at least according to
minimum wages at prevalent rates. This revision of the Maternity Benefits Act
(1961) should recognize women’s work in all spheres, markets, domestic, for
care and reproduction and subsistence; and guarantee maternity entitlements to
all pregnant women, adoptive parent(s), surrogate mothers etc without discrimination.
b. Large scale campaigns that call upon men to
increase their contribution to care work and domestic chores, and reduce the
burden on women.
c. Creche and breastfeeding facilities at
every work place and community (through Anganwadi-cum-creches) to be made
mandatory to ensure women can continue to work and care for the infant.
d. Financial resources for maternity
entitlements and crèches should come from all economic activities in the
country as a state obligation to ensure entitlements and services, since
reproduction is a social function which benefits the family, society and the
nation.
Sir, on the occasion of Women’s Day, while paying
compliments and appreciating the role of women, we are sure the government
would want to change the embarrassingly inadequate allocation of 400 crores for
Maternity Entitlements against the requirement of 15000 crore annually.
We urge you to translate rhetoric into action by allocating resources for
social security in maternity, and acknowledging unpaid reproductive work done
by women in this country, even as you greet them on this Women’s Day.
|
